Treatment of disseminated TB with drug induced hepatitis/case study

AJBM crossMark

 

American Journal of BioMedicine Volume 10, Issue 1, pages 1-5
Aran A Groover1, Natalia A. Huan

 

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of disease that affects people of all age groups in many countries. The incidence of new is decreasing at rate about 2%/year due to the advances in medical diagnosis and treatment. The primary TB infection or reactivation of latent TB can be spread as result of impaired cell-mediated immunity resulted in uncontrolled disseminated of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through lymphohematogenous system. While, immunocompromise patients such as HIV/AIDS infection, use of immunosuppressive drugs, organ transplant, malnutrition, alcohol use, pregnancy, silicosis, and underlying malignancy are at high risk for development of Miliary TB. It usually has an insidious clinical manifestation including fever, weight loss, night sweats, and little in the way of localizing symptoms or signs. There may be concurrent TB meningitis with associated symptoms. A 35-year old male has known case of pulmonary TB and HCV before three years ago. Presented to emergency department with fever since 3-weeks ago, abdomen pain, headache since 10 days.

Keywords: Miliary Tuberculosis (TB), HCV, Meningitis

Copyright © 2022 by American Journal of BioMedicine, Inc.

Article citationReferencesFull-Text/PDFBecome reviewer
The citation data is computed by the following citation measuring services:

Cited by (CrossRef)
Google Scholar

  1. Sharma SK, Mohan A. Tuberculosis: from an incurable scourge to a curable disease-journey over a millennium. Indian J Med Res 2013; 137: 455-493.
  2. Kıraç FS. Is ethics approval necessary for all trials? A clear but not certain process. Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2013; 22: 73-5.
    https://doi.org/10.4274/Mirt.80664
  3. Eisenach KD, Cave MD, Bates JH, et al. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of a repetitive DNA sequence specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Infect Dis 1990; 161: 977-81.
    https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/161.5.977
  4. Mert A, Ozaras R. Clinical importance of miliary pattern in the chest X-ray of a patient with fever of unknown origin. Intern Med Tokyo Jpn 2005; 44: 161.
    https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.44.161
  5. Sharma SK, Mohan A, Sharma A, et al. Miliary tuberculosis: new insights into an old disease. Lancet Infect Dis 2005; 5: 415-30.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70163-8
  6. World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2015. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015.
  7. Rajagopala S, Sankari S, Kancherla R. Miliary Sarcoidosis: does it exist? A case series and systematic review of literature. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2020; 37(1): 53-65.
  8. Tana C, Donatiello I, Coppola MG, Ricci F, et al. CT Findings in Pulmonary and Abdominal Sarcoidosis. Implications for Diagnosis and Classification. J Clin Med 2020; 9(9): 3028.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093028
  9. McGuinness G, Naidich DP, Jagirdar J, et al. High resolution CT findings in miliary lung disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1992; 16: 384-90.
    https://doi.org/10.1097/00004728-199205000-00009
  10. Kim JH, Langston AA, Gallis HA. Miliary tuberculosis: epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and outcome. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 12: 583-90.
    https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/12.4.583
  11. Myers JN. Miliary, central nervous system, and genitourinary tuberculosis. Dis Mon 2007; 53(1): 22-31.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2006.10.003
  12. Lui G, Wong RY, Li F. High mortality in adults hospitalized for active tuberculosis in a low HIV prevalence setting. PLoS One. 2014; 9(3): e92077.
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092077
  13. Aksenova VA, Sen'kina TI. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children in Russia (epidemiology, clinical forms and their study. Probl Tuberk 2001; (4): 6-9.
  14. Mert A, Arslan F, Kuyucu T, et al. Miliary tuberculosis: Epidemiological and clinical analysis of large-case series from moderate to low tuberculosis endemic Country. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96(5): e5875.
    https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005875
  15. Cunha BA, Krakakis J, McDermott BP. Fever of unknown origin (FUO) caused by miliary tuberculosis: diagnostic significance of morning temperature spikes. Heart Lung 2009; 38(1): 77-82.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2008.03.002
  16. Yilmaz T, Selcuk E, Polat N, Mutlu K. Choroidal tuberculoma showing paradoxical worsening in a patient with miliary TB. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2015; 23(1): 97-9.
    https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2014.943350
  17. Criado E, Sanchez M, Ramirez J, et al. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: typical and atypical manifestations at high-resolution CT with pathologic correlation. Radiographics: a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc 2010; 30(6): 1567-86.
    https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.306105512
  18. Koyama T, Ueda H, Togashi K, Umeoka S, Kataoka M, Nagai S. Radiologic manifestations of sarcoidosis in various organs. Radiographics: a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 2004; 24(1): 87-104.
    https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.241035076
  19. Gupta D, Agarwal R, Aggarwal AN, Jindal SK. Sarcoidosis and tuberculosis: the same disease with different manifestations or similar manifestations of different disorders. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2012; 18(5): 506-16.
    https://doi.org/10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283560809
  20. Kumar P, Jaco MJ, Pandit AG, et al. Miliary sarcoidosis with secondary Sjogren's syndrome. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2013; 61(7): 505-7.
  21. Matsuura S, Mochizuka Y, Oishi K, et al. Sarcoidosis with Pancreatic Mass, Endobronchial Nodules, and Miliary Opacities in the Lung. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2017; 56(22): 3083-7.
    https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.8916-17
  22. Lai RP, Meintjes G, Wilkinson RJ. HIV-1 tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38: 185-198.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-015-0532-2
  23. Bell LC, Breen R, Miller RF, Noursadeghi M, Lipman M. Paradoxical reactions and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in tuberculosis. Int J Infect Dis 2015; 32: 39-45.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.030
  24. Cevaal PM, Bekker LG, Hermans S. TB-IRIS pathogenesis and new strategies for intervention: Insights from related inflammatory disorders. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2019; 118: 101863.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2019.101863
  25. de Sa NBR, Ribeiro-Alves M, da Silva TP, et al. Clinical and genetic markers associated with tuberculosis, HIV-1 infection, and TB/HIV-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome outcomes. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20: 59.
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-4786-5
  26. Narendran G, Andrade BB, Porter BO, et al. Paradoxical tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in HIV patients with culture confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in India and the potential role of IL-6 in prediction. PLoS One 2013; 8: e63541.
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063541
  27. Eshun-Wilson I, Havers F, Nachega JB, et al. Evaluation of paradoxical TB-associated IRIS with the use of standardized case definitions for resource-limited settings. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic) 2010; 9: 104-108.
    https://doi.org/10.1177/1545109710361537
  28. Orme IM, Robinson RT, Cooper AM. The balance between protective and pathogenic immune responses in the TB-infected lung. Nat Immunol 2015; 16: 57-63.
    https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.3048
  29. Pang Y, An J, Shu W, et al. Epidemiology of Extrapulmonary tuberculosis among inpatients, China, 2008-2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25: 457-464.
    https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2503.180572
  30. Yodmalai S, Chiewchanvit S, Mahanupab P. Cutaneous miliary tuberculosis in a renal transplant patient: a case report and literature review. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2011; 42(3): 674-8.

Who Can Become a Reviewer?
Any expert in the article's research field can become a reviewer with American Journal of Biomedicine. Editors might ask you to look at a specific aspect of an article,...

Find out more

  • Case study
    http://dx.doi.org/10.18081/2333-5106/2022.1/1
    American Journal of BioMedicine Volume 10, Issue 1, pages 1-5
    Received October 12, 2021; revised December 22, 2021; accepted January 05, 2022; published January 16, 2022

    PDF Download this Paper

    How to cite this article
    Groover AA, Huang NA. Treatment of disseminated TB with drug induced hepatitis/case study. American Journal of BioMedicine 2021;10(1):1-5.
    Research Article
    1. Abstract
    2. Keywords
    3. Introduction
    4. Methods
    5. Results
    6. Discussion
    7. References

    Article metric