Research Article
American Journal of BioMedicine
Volume 11, Issue 4, 2023, Pages 199-211 
10.18081/2333-5106/2023.11/199
Hanan Slimani 1 
, Kenton Zehr 2 , Nicolas Zouain 2 , Douglas Hainz * 
Received 19 July 2023; revised 29 September 2023; accepted 20 October 2023; published 25 December 2023
Abstract
Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) is a well-established major public health problem globally. CKD has been associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and rate of hospitalization, CKD is associated with increased risk of CVDs and associated mortality. Patients with CKD have multiple comorbidities and they have well-established risks that increase the risk of CVDs that may progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), where the kidneys are as of now not ready to satisfy the needs of the body. Both CKD and ESRD are related to an expanded gamble of cardiovascular infections (CVDs). Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes are extremely normal in patients with renal illness, particularly in those cases who have laid out CVDs. The ECG irregularities can have a likely relationship with the different reasons for CKD and can be related to different clinical results. This study aims to compare ECG abnormalities in 310 patients with CKD compared to 111 patients without CKD. The average age of the patients was 58±13.2 years with 88 females and 199 males and 250 patients having end-stage renal failure (ESRD). The resulting data showed that ECG changes revealed that 21 patients had ischemia changes (IHD), 15 had q-wave positive changes, and 65 had left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In conclusion, the ECG is recommended as a routine investigation in CKD/ESRD patients with DM and HTN. Moreover, evaluations should be performed based on physical examination and plans of care even when the ECG finding is negative.
Keywords: End-stage renal failure (ESRD); ECG abnormalities; Ischemia heart disease
Copyright © 2023 Hainz et al. This article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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