Research Article
American Journal of BioMedicine
Volume 12, Issue 3, 2024, Pages 83- 100 
10.18081/2333-5106/2024.12/83
Nasser Ghaly Yousif 1*
, Fadhil G. Alamran 2 , Ulrich Aran Nöth 3
Received 30 May 2024; revised 12 July 2024; accepted 28 July 2024; published 19 August 2024
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in women, and it is the leading cause of cancer-related death among females worldwide. Approximately 35% of breast cancer patients will eventually develop bone metastases. Bone is the most common site for distant metastasis of breast cancer, which has poor prognosis and therapeutic strategies available, thus being a great challenge to overcome it. Bone metastases of breast cancer are a complex interplay of tumor cells and the bone microenvironment. Cytokine IL-20 is secreted by macrophages and tumor cells in the bone microenvironment, then it will bind to its receptor, thereby leading to the propagation of bone metastatic niche, resulting in the transformation of pre-metastatic niches to metastatic ones. The mediative effects of IL-20 in the complex microenvironment with the growth of breast cancer cells and the orchestration of immune evasion of IL-20 on macrophages were systematically analyzed. Then the promoting effect of IL-20 on the progression and metastasis of breast cancer was illustrated. Finally, novel therapeutic strategies that target IL-20 for the prevention of breast cancer bone metastasis were proposed. In order to condense this work into wider points, a systematic review was performed on the specific mechanism of IL-20 responding to the progression of primary breast cancer and the promotion of metastasis to the bone microenvironment. First of all, various databases were searched, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science. To narrow down the effect of IL-20 in breast cancer onset/recurrence, meta-analysis was selected with terms such as "IL-20", "breast cancer", "recurrence", and no exclusion criteria were implemented. To investigate the role of IL-20 in the metastatic cascade from breast cancer cells to the bone, meta-analysis was also performed within terms including "IL-20", "bone metastasis", and "breast cancer" with approved exclusion criteria including types of non-breast and non-cancer species.
Keywords: Breast cancer; IL-20; Proinflammatory cytokine
Copyright © 2024 Yousif, et al. This article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Cited by CrossRef (2)
Cited by Scopus (0)
| 1. Follini E, Marchesini M, Roti G. Strategies to Overcome Resistance Mechanisms in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019;20:3021. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20123021 |
| 2. Kakaje A, Marwan Alhalabi M, Ghareeb A, Karam B et al. Rates and trends of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: an epidemiology study. 2020. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63528-0 |
| 3. Raetz E.A., Teachey D.T. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematology. 2016;2016:580-588. https://doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.580 |
| 4. Pommert L, Burns R, Furumo Q, Pulakanti K et al. Novel germline TRAF3IP3 mutation in a dyad with familial acute B lymphoblastic leukemia. 2021. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.1335 |
| 5. Allen A., Sireci A., Colovai A., Pinkney K., Sulis M., Bhagat G., Alobeid B. Early T-cell precursor leukemia/lymphoma in adults and children. Leuk. Res. 2013;37:1027-1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2013.06.010 |
| 6. Mroczek A, Zawitkowska J, Kowalczyk J, Lejman M. Comprehensive Overview of Gene Rearrangements in Childhood T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia. 2021. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020808 |
| 7. Szczepański T., van der Velden V.H.J., van Dongen J.J.M. Classification systems for acute and chronic leukemias. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol. 2003;16:561-582. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1521-6926(03)00086-0 |
| 8. Lejman M, Chałupnik A, Chilimoniuk Z, Dobosz M. Genetic Biomarkers and Their Clinical Implications in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children. 2022. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052755 |
| 9. Van Vlierberghe P, Palomero T, Khiabanian H, et al. PHF6 mutations in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat. Genet. 2010;42:338-342. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.542 |
| 10. Xiang J, Wang G, Xia T, Chen Z. The depletion of PHF6 decreases the drug sensitivity of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia to prednisolone. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2019;109:2210-2217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.083 |
| 11. Hong FD, Huang HJ, To H, et al. Structure of the human retinoblastoma gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1989;86:5502-5506. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.14.5502 |
| 12. Hofman I, Patchett S, Van Duin M, et al. Low frequency mutations in ribosomal proteins RPL10 and RPL5 in multiple myeloma. Haematologica. 2017;102:e317-e320. https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2016.162198 |
| 13. De Keersmaecker K, Atak Z.K, Li N, Vicente C, et al. Exome sequencing identifies mutation in CNOT3 and ribosomal genes RPL5 and RPL10 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat. Genet. 2013;45:186-190. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2508 |
| 14. Kampen KR, Sulima SO, Verbelen B, et al. The ribosomal RPL10 R98S mutation drives IRES-dependent BCL-2 translation in T-ALL. Leukemia. 2018;33:319-332. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-018-0176-z |
| 15. Kuz JB, Rausch T, Bandapalli OR, et al. Pediatric T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia evolves into relapse by clonal selection, acquisition of mutations and promoter hypomethylation. Haematologica. 2015;100:1442-1450. https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2015.129692 |
| 16. Cortés-Ciriano I, Lee JJ.-K, et al. Comprehensive analysis of chromothripsis in 2,658 human cancers using whole-genome sequencing. Nat. Genet. 2020;52:331-341. |
| 17. Karrman K, Johansson B. Pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Genes Chromosom. Cancer. 2017;56:89-116. https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.22416 |
| 18. Ratnaparkhe M, Hlevnjak M, Kolb T, et al. Genomic profiling of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in ataxia telangiectasia patients reveals tight link between ATM mutations and chromothripsis. Leukemia. 2017;31:2048-2056. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2017.55 |
| 19. Khondkaryan L, Andreasyan D, Hakobyan Y, Eylül Bankoglu E et al. Incidence and Risk Factors of Acute Leukemias in Armenia: A Population-Based Study. 2022. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.11.3869 |
| 20. Bahoush G, Nojoomi M. Frequency of Cytogenetic Findings and its Effect on the Outcome of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. 2019. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.5455/medarh.2019.73.311-315 |
| 21. P. M. Douglas S, K. Lahtinen A, R. Koski J, Leimi L et al. Enrichment of cancer-predisposing germline variants in adult and pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 2022. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14364-x |
| 22. L. Wiemels J, M. Walsh K, J. de Smith A, Metayer C et al. GWAS in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals novel genetic associations at chromosomes 17q12 and 8q24.21. 2018. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02596-9 |
| 23. Pasha F, Urbančič D, Maxhuni R, Krasniqi S et al. Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Kosovo. 2024. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16111988 |
| 24. M Ries N, LeGrandeur J, Caulfield T. Handling ethical, legal and social issues in birth cohort studies involving genetic research: responses from studies in six countries. 2010. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6939-11-4 |
| 25. Lautner-Csorba O, Gézsi A, J. Erdélyi D, Hullám G et al. Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Folate Pathway in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Evaluated by Bayesian Relevance and Effect Size Analysis. 2013. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069843 |
| 26. Lautner-Csorba O, Gézsi A, F Semsei Ágnes, Antal P et al. Candidate gene association study in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia evaluated by Bayesian network based Bayesian multilevel analysis of relevance. 2012. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov https://doi.org/10.1186/1755-8794-5-42 |
| 27. Lv M, Liu Y, Liu W, Xing Y, Zhang S. Immunotherapy for Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Front. Immunol. 2022;13:921894. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.921894 |
| 28. Alkayed K, Al Hmood A, Madanat F. Prognostic effect of blood transfusion in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood Res. 2013;48:133-138. https://doi.org/10.5045/br.2013.48.2.133 |
| 29. Jabbour E, Short NJ, Jain N, Haddad FG, et al. The evolution of acute lymphoblastic leukemia research and therapy at MD Anderson over four decades. J. Hematol. Oncol. 2023;16:22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-023-01409-5 |
| 30. Cooper SL, Brown PA. Treatment of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pediatr. Clin. N. Am. 2015;62:61-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2014.09.006 |
| 31. Gupta S, Dai Y, Chen Z, et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in childhood and young adult acute lymphocytic leukaemia: Secondary analyses of eight Children's Oncology Group cohort trials. Lancet Haematol. 2023;10:e129-e141. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3026(22)00371-4 |
| 32. Ma H, Sun H, Sun X. Survival improvement by decade of patients aged 0-14 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A SEER analysis. Sci. Rep. 2014;4:4227. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04227 |
| 33. Pedrosa F, Coustan-Smith E, Zhou Y. et al. Reduced-dose intensity therapy for pediatric lymphoblastic leukemia: Long-term results of the Recife RELLA05 pilot study. Blood. 2020;135:1458-1466. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019004215 |
.
File and statistic
Permissions
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in American Journal of BioMedicine are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.