The relative effect of hypertension on stroke risk in women compared with men: random-effects meta-analysis



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Hua Lee 1, Tong Sun, Mao Zhou, Yong Liu*
Author Affiliations
∗Correspondence author e-mail: Liu.8y@yahoo.com: China

 

 

Abstract

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and hypertension is a major risk factor for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Although the relative effect of hypertension on stroke risk is similar in men and women, it is not established. Gender differences in the incidence and outcome of stroke have been reported, and growing evidence suggests possible differences in the relative effect of blood pressure on stroke risk. Data obtained from observational studies on the relative effect of hypertension on total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke risk in women compared with men were used to conduct a random-effects meta-analysis. It was hypothesized that the relative effect of hypertension on stroke risk in women is smaller than in men. Random-effects meta-analysis resulted in a pooled relative risk for women compared with men of 1.4 (1.1, 1.8). Both fixed and random-effects meta-analyses for women and men without normal BP and with a definite hypertension effect resulted in respective pooled point estimates of 1.6 (1.3, 1.9) and 1.9 (1.5, 2.3). Both fixed and random-effects meta-analysis for women without prior myocardial infarction resultant from the study resulted in point estimates of 2.1 (1.7, 2.5) and 1.9 (1.5, 2.3), respectively. Similar statistics for men as well as both fixed and random-effects meta-analysis did not provide evidence of an increased stroke risk associated with elevated BP levels; respective pooled point estimates were 1.2 (0.7, 1.9), 1.1 (1.0, 1.3), and 1.0 (0.6, 1.5), respectively. All sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of the estimates. Data presented in this investigation provide evidence for an increased risk of stroke in women compared with men.

Keywords: Stroke; Hypertension; Cohort study; Meta-analysis; female

Copyright © 2015 by The American Society for BioMedicine and BM-Publisher, Inc.

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Research Article


DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18081/2333-5106/015-3/482-494
American Journal of BioMedicine 2015, Volume 3, Issue 3, pages 154-175
Received February 19, 2015; accepted July; 17, 2015, Published August 16, 2015

How to cite this article
Lee H, Sun T, Zhou M, Liu Y. The relative effect of hypertension on stroke risk in women compared with men: random-effects meta-analysis. American Journal of BioMedicine 2015;3(3):154-175
Research Article
1. Abstract
2. Keywords
3. Introduction
5. Results
6. Discussion
7. References

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