Abnormal thyroid function and risk factor of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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El Houssaine Mansour, Omar Bouamra ¹*
Author Affiliations
¹∗Casablanca, Morocco

Abstract

Thyroid autoimmunity is a common disorder in women of reproductive age. Previous studies have shown that thyroid disorders or abnormal thyroid function test results during pregnancy might act as a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus. The objective this study is  to identify the association between thyroid autoimmunity and subclinical hypothyroidism as risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus. We conducted a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis through searching the online MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria and were subsequently subjected to a meta-analysis. Cochran's Q test was performed, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index. Publication bias of the studies in the meta-analysis was investigated using Egger's method. Subgroup analysis was conducted to assess heterogeneity. The results showed that the total, 1023 citations were screened, with 14 studies included in our meta-analysis. The pooled OR for GDM was 1.50 [1.07-2.09] in positive TPOAb+/high TSH pregnancies compared with controls, the pooled OR was 1.45 [1.05-1.99] in subclinical hypothyroidism pregnancies, and the pooled OR was 1.82 [1.27-2.61] in positive TPOAb pregnancies. Pregnant women with positive TPOAb+/high TSH and those with subclinical hypothyroidism tend to have a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. Thyroid autoimmunity and subclinical hypothyroidism should be carefully monitored in pregnant women because of the possible increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Gestation; Pregnant women

Copyright © 2019 by The American Society for BioMedicine and BM-Publisher, Inc.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18081/2333-5106/017-2/86-98
American Journal of BioMedicine Volume 7, Issue 2, pages 79-89
Received December 09, 2018; Accepted April 04, 2019; Published May10, 2019

How to cite this article
El Houssaine M, Bouamra O. Abnormal thyroid function and risk factor of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of BioMedicine 2019;7(2):79-89.

Article outline
1. Abstract
2. Keywords
3. Introduction
4. Methods
5. Results
6. Discussion
7. Acknowledgements
8. References